INDIAN RAILWAYS
The first railway on Indian sub-continent ran over a stretch of 21 miles from Bombay to Thane. The idea of a railway to connect Bombay with Thane, Kalyan and with the Thal and Bhore Ghats inclines first occurred to Mr. George Clark, the Chief Engineer of the Bombay Government, during a visit to Bhandup in 1843.
Track Kilometers | Broad Gauge (1676 mm) | Meter Gauge (1000 mm) | Narrow Gauge (762/610 mm) | Total |
86,526 | 18,529 | 3,651 | 108,706 | |
Route Kilometers | Electrified | Total | ||
16,001 | 63,028 |
Indian Railway Catering & Tourism Corporation ( IRCTC ) Internet based ticket booking has been launched by IRCTC in Delhi, Chennai, Bangalore, Mumbai and Calcutta this year. Hygienic and air-conditioned food plazas having consumer-friendly ambience opened at Pune and Chennai and license for similar plazas awarded for 17 more locations. In all, 50 such plazas will be opened by the end of this financial year across the zonal Railways. Railneer - packaged drinking water is to be made available from December this year.
As of March 2019, Indian Railways' rolling stock consisted of 2,89,185 freight wagons, 74,003 passenger coaches and 12,147 locomotives.
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Indian Railways.
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Indian Railways.
Indian Railways (IR) is a governmental entity under the Ministry of Railways which operates India's national railway system.
it is run by the government as a public good and manages the fourth largest railway network in the world by size, with a route length of 68,155 km (42,350 mi) as of March 2019. 40,576 km (25,213 mi) or 64% of all the broad-gauge routes are electrified with 25 kV 50 Hz AC electric traction as of August 2020.
As of March 2019, Indian Railways' rolling stock consisted of 2,89,185 freight wagons, 74,003 passenger coaches and 12,147 locomotives.
Zones and divisions of Indian Railways
Indian Railways divides its operations into zones, which are further sub-divided into divisions, each having a divisional headquarters. There are a total of 18 zones .Each of the divisions is headed by a Divisional Railway Manager (DRM), who reports to the General Manager (GM) of the zone. A DRM can be appointed from any of the eight organized services of Indian Railways, viz. Indian Railway Service of Signal Engineers (IRSSE) , Indian Railway Accounts Service (IRAS), Indian Railway Personnel Service (IRPS), Indian Railway Service of Engineers (IRSE), Indian Railway Service of Mechanical Engineers (IRSME), Indian Railway Service of Electrical Engineers (IRSEE), Indian Railways Traffic Service (IRTS) and Indian Railway Stores Service (IRSS) for the tenure of three years, but it can be exceeded on the recommendation of Railway Board. The DRM is assisted by one or two Additional Divisional Railway Managers (ADRM) in the working of the division. Divisional officers heading all departments viz. Stores, engineering, mechanical, electrical, signal and telecommunication, accounts, personnel, operating, commercial, safety, medical, security branches report to the Divisional Railway Manager.
Locomotives
From 1985, steam locomotives were phased out and electric and diesel locomotives, along with a few CNG (compressed natural gas) locomotives are used.Steam locomotives are used only in heritage trains. Locomotives in India are classified by gauge, motive power, the work they are suited for, and their power or model number. Their four- or five-letter class name includes this information. The first letter denotes the track gauge, the second their motive power (diesel or electric), and the third their suitable traffic (goods, passenger, multi or shunting). The fourth letter denoted the locomotive's chronological model number, but in 2002, a new classification was adopted in which the fourth letter in newer diesel locomotives indicate horsepower range.
Locomotive Class WAG-12
WAG-12 is a new electric freight locomotive of Indian Railways with a power output of 12,000 hp. Indian locomotive class WAG-12 developed by Alstom and Indian Railways in Madhepura of Bihar and the most powerful freight locomotives in India followed by WAG-9.
Locomotive Class WAG-9
WAG-9 Indian locomotive is the most powerful freight locomotive of Indian Railways. The WAG-9H/9Hi are the only freight dedicated locomotives in India.
Locomotive class WAG-7
Locomotive class WAG-5
WAG-5 Locomotive class of Indian Railways is a type of electric locomotive used for passenger dedicated class. The WAG-5 is the second most used locomotive engine by the Indian Railways.
Locomotive Class WAP-7
WAP-7 locomotive developed by Chittaranjan Locomotive Works and used by Northern Railways, Southern Railways and other 8 Indian railway zones.Indian locomotive class WAP-7 is passenger locomotive and currently the is the most powerful passenger locomotive in India, capable of hauling 24 coach trains at speeds ranging 110–140 km/h.
Locomotive Class WAP-5
Indian Locomotive WAP-5 was imported from ABB Switzerland used in high speed Railways of India, in Gatimaan Express and Bhopal Shatabdi trains.
Locomotive Class WAP-4
Indian Locomotive Class WAP-4 is widely used for passenger service trains network of Indian Railways. The locomotive was produced by the Chittaranjan Locomotive Works.
Indian Railways WCAM Class
Indian Railways WCAM class are mixed locomotive used by both goods and passenger service by Indian Railways. These locomotives are from Indian Railways WCAM class specifically designed for Ghat section by Central Railways.
Locomotive Class WDM-3B
Indian locomotive class WDM-3A manufactured in India by the Diesel Locomotive Works for broad gauge. WDM-3A is a variant of the original WDM-2C and most common diesel locomotive of Indian Railways.
Locomotive Class WDM-3D
Indian Locomotive Class WDM-3D or ALCO DL560C is a diesel electric locomotive used for passenger and freight hauling by Indian Railways.
Locomotive Class WDP-4
Indian Locomotive Class WDP-4 or EMD GT46PAC was designed by General Motors Electro-Motive Division and used for passenger trains by Indian Railways.Diesel Locomotive and Electric Locomotive both are used by freight and passenger traffic routes in India. Indian locomotive class WAG-9 is the most powerful electric freight locomotive in Indian Railways.
Chittaranjan Locomotive Works, Asansol
Diesel Locomotive Works, Varanasi
Bharat Heavy Electricals
Electric Locomotive Factory, Madhepura
Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company
Electric Locomotive Factory in Madhepura is part of the Make in India and will produce 800 high power locomotives for Indian tracks.
TYPES OF PASSENGER COACHES
There are mainly two different types of coaches in Indian Railways;
1)ICF Coaches
2)LHB Coaches
ICF coaches
Integral Coach Factory (ICF) coaches are conventional passenger coaches used on the majority of main-line trains in India.The design of the coach was developed by Integral Coach Factory, Perambur, Chennai, India in collaboration with the Swiss Car & Elevator Manufacturing Co, Schlieren, Switzerland in the 1950s. The design is also called the Schlieren design based on the location of the Swiss company. The 1st ICF coach had been flagged by then Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru on 2 October 1955. The last ever ICF coach was flagged off by senior technician Shri Bhaskar P. in the presence of Railway Board Chairman Ashwani Lohani on 19 January 2018.
LHB coaches
Linke Hofmann Busch (LHB) coaches are the passenger coaches of Indian Railways that have been developed by Linke-Hofmann-Busch of Germany. (renamed Alstom LHB GmbH in 1998 after the takeover by Alstom)and mostly produced by Rail Coach Factory in Kapurthala, India. They have been used since 2000 on the broad gauge (1676 mm) network of Indian railways. Initially, 24 air conditioned coaches were imported from Germany for use in the Shatabdi Expresses, after which the Rail Coach Factory started manufacturing after technology transfer.
On 22 March 2020, Indian Railways announced a nationwide shutdown of passenger rail service to combat the COVID-19 pandemic in India. ... The national rail network is maintaining its freight operations during the lockdown, to transport essential goods.
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